Huntington began his thinking by surveying the diverse theories about the nature of global politics in the post-Cold War period. This expression derives from “clash of cultures”, already used during the colonial period and the Belle Époque.
Even earlier, the phrase appears in a 1926 book regarding the Middle East by Basil Mathews: Young Islam on Trek: A Study in the Clash of Civilizations (p. 196). The phrase itself was earlier used by Albert Camusin 1946, by Girilal Jainin his analysis of the Ayodhya dispute in 1988, by Bernard Lewis in an article in the September 1990 issue of The Atlantic Monthly titled “The Roots of Muslim Rage” and by Mahdi El Mandjrain his book “La première guerre civilisationnelle” published in 1992.
Huntington later expanded his thesis in a 1996 book The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. It was proposed in a 1992 lecture at the American Enterprise Institute, which was then developed in a 1993 Foreign Affairs article titled “The Clash of Civilizations?”, in response to his former student Francis Fukuyama‘s 1992 book, The End of History and the Last Man. Huntington argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures. The American political scientist Samuel P. 1).īut how will this major shift impact the world, as civilizations in the East emerge to challenge once-dominant Western powers?Īs stated in Wikipedia, the Clash of Civilizations is a hypothesis that people’s cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of conflict in the post- Cold War world. Today, we face another major turning point in history – “one of those rare moments in history when the political and economic axis of the world is shifting” – away from the West and toward the East ( The Dawn of Eurasia, Bruno Maçães, p. Scholars note that in the twentieth century, “the expansion of the West” came to an end and “the challenge against the West” began, as other civilizations re-emerged on the world stage ( The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, Samuel P.
Yet, in recent decades, the pages of history have begun to turn, and we have entered a new era. The Russian Empire fell to the communists and then lost the Cold War to the West, at least for those ten horrible years of 1990s under President Boris Yeltsin. Africa, India, and much of Asia were overwhelmed and carved up by Western powers. China and Japan were forcibly opened to European and American trade. During this era, European nations – and later, the United States – gained power and spread the influence of Western civilization over much of the globe. Western nations have dominated much of the world for nearly five centuries.
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